Impacto de la adición de caboximetilcelulosa y agua en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y de calidad de pan libre de gluten

Impact of carboxymethylcellulose and water addition on baking quality and physicochemical properties of gluten-free bread

Contenido principal del artículo

Fernán Martínez Jiménez
Eduardo Rodríguez Sandoval
María Soledad Hernández Gómez

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia de la adición de agua y de carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y de calidad de pan libre de gluten (GF), elaborado con harina de arroz, almidón de maíz y almidón de yuca. La harina de arroz presentó los valores más altos de índice de absorción de agua (WAI) e índice de solubilidad de agua (WSI). Las concentraciones de CMC y agua fueron de 1-3% y 80-90%, con base en la harina de arroz, componente mayoritario de la mezcla, respectivamente. Se utilizó la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta (MSR). Los valores máximos para el volumen específico (3,92mL/g) y la altura (77,82mm), se mostraron con 85% de agua y 2% de CMC. El mayor rendimiento, se evidenció con 3% de CMC y 80% de agua, pero este tratamiento tuvo el volumen específico y la altura más baja. En cuanto a las propiedades texturales, la combinación de 3% de CMC y 80% de agua generó una miga con la mayor firmeza (16,6N) y dureza (91,2N); los valores más bajos de estos parámetros, se presentaron con 85% de agua y 2% de CMC. El mayor valor de cohesividad (0,46), se registró con 90% de agua y 3% de CMC y la condición más baja de cohesividad, se reportó con 80% de agua y 1% de CMC. La inclusión de mayores concentraciones de CMC (3%) genera productos GF, con mayor firmeza, cohesividad, elasticidad y dureza.


 

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