REVISIÓN TEÓRICA DEL ENTRENAMIENTO CON RESTRICCIÓN DEL FLUJO SANGUÍNEO HACIA LA HIPERTROFIA Y LA FUERZA MUSCULAR
THEORETICAL REVIEW OF TRAINING WITH RESTRICTION OF BLOOD FLOW TOWARDS HYPERTROPHY AND MUSCLE STRENGTH
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Fuquen Rivas, D. A., & Gracia Díaz, Álvaro J. (2019). REVISIÓN TEÓRICA DEL ENTRENAMIENTO CON RESTRICCIÓN DEL FLUJO SANGUÍNEO HACIA LA HIPERTROFIA Y LA FUERZA MUSCULAR. Revista Digital: Actividad Física Y Deporte, 5(2), 142–170. https://doi.org/10.31910/rdafd.v5.n2.2019.1264
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Introducción: Esta monografía realiza una recopilación de información de las bases de datos, así como de artículos escritos sobre el entrenamiento en oclusión, con la finalidad de desarrollar la fuerza y la hipertrofia muscular. Objetivo general: Describir los procesos de hipertrofia y de fuerza mediante el uso del entrenamiento con restricción de flujo sanguíneo. Metodología: Para esta investigación prevalece el enfoque cualitativo, mientras que, el diseño es transversal, porque se hace la recopilación y análisis de la información en un sólo momento, en tanto que el alcance de la investigación es exploratorio, debido a que, se encontraron 60 artículos todos de origen internacional (Hernández, R. y Mendoza, C., 2008). Las bases de datos en que se encontraron los artículos funcionales fueron: ProQuest (12), ScienceDirect (8), SportDiscus (15), Scopus (12) y PubMed (13). Resultados: Los artículos que se exponen en la tabla los principales autores del tema, donde se indica el objetivo y el aporte. Los demás artículos se traduce el título al español y se da una categoría según el tema central, los cuales son: Adaptaciones, Efectos, Hipertrofia, Seguridad y daños, Salud, Hormonal, Neuronal, y Deportes. Conclusión: el entrenamiento de restricción de flujo sanguíneo tiene como principal efecto la hipertrofia muscular, y, debido al agrandamiento de las fibras musculares, conlleva a la ganancia de fuerza. Sin embargo, aún faltan más estudios que complementen con un respaldo científico a nivel morfológico y fisiológico el proceso de hipertrofia con este método.
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Referencias (VER)
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Abe, T. & M.D. Beekley et al. (2005a). "Day-to-day change in muscle strength and MRImeasure skeletal muscle size during 7 days KAATSU resistance training: A case study." Int. J. KAATSU Training Res. 1, 71-76
Abe, T., Kearns, C., Sato, Y. (2006). Muscle size and strength are increased following walk training with restricted venous blood flow from the leg muscle, Kaatsu-walk training. J Appl Physiol.;100(5): P.P. 1460-6pp.
Abe, T., Sakamaki, M., Fujita, S., Ozaki, H., Sugaya, M., Sato, Yoshiaki, M., & Nakajima, Toshiaki, M. (2010). Effects of low-intensity walk training with restricted leg blood flow on muscle strength and aerobic capacity in older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 33(1), 34-40.
Abe, T.; Charles, F.; Kearns, & Sato, Y. (2005). Muscle size and strength are increased following walk training with restricted venous blood flow from the leg muscle, Kaatsu-walk training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 100(5), 1460–1466.
ACSM. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc.; 41(3), P. 687–708.
Alfonso, A. G. (2017). La escritura científica: Una revisión temática. Signo y Pensamiento, 36(71), 52
Álvarez, R., López-Silvarrey, J., Segovia, C., Martínez, H., y
Legido-Arce, J. (2008). Rehabilitación del paciente con lesión del ligamento
cruzado anterior de la rodilla (LCA). Revisión. Revista Internacional de Medicina y
Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, 8(29), 62-92.
Baechele, Earle. (2007). Principios del entrenamiento de la fuerza y del acondicionamiento físico. National Strength and Conditioning Association
Barnett, E., Dankel, J., Counts, R., Nooe, A., Abe, T., Loenneke, J. (2016). Blood flow occlusion pressure at rest and immediately after a bout of low load exercise. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Pages 436-440.
Behi, A., Amani, A., Fahey, T., & Afsharnezhad, T. (2017). Effect of high intensity interval training with blood restriction on anaerobic performance.International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 6(2), 45-52.
Brandner, C., Warmington, S., & Kidgell, D. (2015). Corticomotor Excitability is Increased Following an Acute Bout of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9.
Campo, C., Granados, F., Muñoz, L., Sergio, G., & Rodríguez S. (2012). Caracterización del avance teórico, investigativo y/o de intervención en resiliencia desde el ámbito de las universidades en Colombia. Universitas Psychologica, 11(2), 545-557.
Cook, S., Clark, B., and Ploutz-Snyder, L. (2007). Effects of exercise load and blood-flow restriction on skeletal muscle function. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39: 1708-1713
De Castro, P., Aquino, R., Berti, A., Gonçalves, C., & Puggina, F. (2017). Strength Training with Vascular Occlusion: A Review of Possible Adaptive Mechanisms. Human Movement, 18(2), 3–14.
Guajardo, E., & Castro, A. (2007). la investigación cualitativa, una discusión presente. Liberabit, 13, 63-69.
Gürtler, L., & Huber, G. (2007). modos de pensar y estrategias de la investigacion cualitativa. Liberabit, 13, 37-52.
Hernández, M., Azael, J. (2012) Respuestas y adaptaciones al entrenamiento de fuerza oclusivo de baja intensidad. Revista Digital. Buenos Aires, Nº 164.
Hernández, R., Fernández, C., & Baptista, P. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. México, D.F., México.: Mc. Graw Hill.
Ingram, W., Dankel, J., Buckner, L., Counts, R., Mouser, G., Abe, T., y Loenneke, P. (2017). The influence of time on determining blood flow restriction pressure. Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, 20(8), 777–780.
Karabulut, M., Leal, A., Garcia, D., Cavazos, C., & Bemben, M. (2014). Tissue oxygenation, strength and lactate response to different blood flow restrictive pressures. Clinical Physiology & Functional Imaging, 34(4), 263–269.
Karabulut, M., Mccarron, J., Abe, T., Sato, Y., y Bemben, M. (2011). The effects of different initial restrictive pressures used to reduce blood flow and thigh composition on tissue oxygenation of the quadriceps. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(9), 951–958.
Kubo, K., Komuro, T., Ishiguro, N., Tsunoda, N., Sato. Y., Ishii, N., et al. (2006). Effects of low-load resistance training with vascular occlusion on the mechanical properties of muscle and tendon. J Appl Biomech.;22; pp. 112-9.
Laurentino, G., Ugrinowitsch, C, Aihara, Y., Fernandes, R., Parcell, C., Ricard, M., et al (2008) Effects of strength training and vascular occlusion. Int J Sports Med.29; pp. 664-7.
Loenneke, J., & Pujol, T., Joseoh, E. (2009). The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 77-84.
Loenneke, P., Thiebaud, S., & Abe, T. (2014). Does blood flow restriction result in skeletal muscle damage? A critical review of available evidence. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports,24(6), e415-422.
Loenneke, P., Wilson, J., y Wilson, M. (2010). A Mechanistic Approach to Blood Flow Occlusion. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(1), 1–4.
Loenneke, P., Wilson, M., Wilson, J., Pujol, J., & Bemben., G. (2011). Potential safety issues with blood flow restriction training. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 21(4), P.P.510-518.
Madarame, H., Neya, M., Ochi, E., Nakazato K, Sato, Y., and Ishii, N. (2008). Cross-transfer effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction. MedSciSportsExerc 40; pp. 258– 263.
Manimmanakorn, A., Hamlin, M., Ross, J., Taylor, R., & Manimmanakorn, N. (2013). Effects of low-load resistance training combined with blood flow restriction or hypoxia on muscle function and performance in netball athletes.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 16(4), 337-42.
Manimmanakorn, A., Manimmanakorn, N., Taylor, R., Draper, N., Billaut, F., Shearman,
J., & Hamlin, M. (2013). Effects of resistance training combined with vascular
occlusion or hypoxia on neuromuscular function in athletes. European Journal of
Applied Physiology, 113(7), 1767–1774.
Manini, M., & Clark, C. (2009). Blood Flow Restricted Exercise and Skeletal Muscle
Health. Sport Sciences Reviews, 37(2), 78-85.
Martín J., Marín, J., Menéndez, P., Ferrero, C., Loenneke, P., & Herrero,
A. (2013a). Muscular adaptations after two different volumes of blood flowrestricted training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(2),
114-120.
Martín, J., Marín, J., y Herrero, J. (2011) Revisión de los procesos de hipertrofia muscular inducida por el entrenamiento de fuerza oclusivo. Rev Andal Med Deporte.;4(4); pp. 152-157.
Meyer R (2006). Does blood flow restriction enhance hypertrophic signaling in skeletalmuscle?. J pplPhysiol 100: 1443–1444.
Mohamed, S., Basant, S., & Larion, A. (2017). Effect of Kaatsu Training on Serum Protein Electrophoresis and Performance Level of 100M Hurdles for Female College Students. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education & Sport/Science, Movement & Health, 17(2), 122–128
Moore, D., Burgomaster, K., Schofield, L., Gibala, M., Saie, D., and Phillips, S. (2004). Neuromuscular adaptations in human muscle following low intensity resistance training with vascular occlusion. Eur J Appl Physiol 92: 399-406
Moritani, T., Sherman, W., Shibata, M., Matsumoto, T., Shinohara M. (1992). Oxygen availability and motor unit activity in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 64:552-6.
Morris, N. (2018). the use of blood flow restriction training in an injured elite swimmer on swimming performance and hypertrophy. Journal of Australian Strength & Conditioning, 26(1), 31-36.
Nakajima, T., Iida, H., Kurano, M., Takano, H., Morita, T., Meguro, K., Abe, T. (2008). Hemodynamic responses to simulated weightlessness of 24-h head-down bed rest and KAATSU blood flow restriction. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 104(4), 727-37
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Patterson, S. D., & Ferguson, R. A. (2010). Increase in calf post-occlusive blood flow and strength following short-term resistance exercise training with blood flow restriction in young women. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(5), 1025-33.
Patterson, S., Ferguson, A. (2010) Increase in calf post-occlusive blood flow and strength following short-term resistance exercise training with blood flow restriction in young women. Eur J Appl Physiol.;108; pp. 1025-33.
Pope, K., Willardson, M., & Schoenfeld, J. (2013). Exercise and blood flow
restriction. Journal of Strength and Conditionating Research, 27(10), 2914-2926.
Ratamess, A., Albar, A., Evetoch, K., Housh, J., Kibler, W., Kraemer, J., &
Triplett, T. (2009). Special Communication. American College of Sports Medicine
Position Stand: Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine
and Science in Sports and Excercise, 41(3).
Reeves, V., Kraemer, R., Hollander, D., Clavier, J., Thomas, C., Francois, M., &
Castracane, D. (2006). Comparison of hormone responses following light
resistance exercise with partial vascular occlusion and moderately difficult resistance
exercise without occlusion. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(6), 1616–1622.
Reyes, J. (2013). una experiencia en la enseñanza de la investigación educativa en el marco de "proyecto aula" de la universidad veracruzana. Revista Mexicana De Investigación Educativa, 18(58), 735-768.
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Shinohara, M., Kouzaki. M., Yoshihisa, T., Fukunaga, T. (1998). Efficacy of tourniquet ischemia for strength training with low resistance. European J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol.; 77; pp. 189-91.
Silva, G., Aniceto, R., Oliota-Ribeiro, S., Neto, R., Leandro, S., & Cirilo-Sousa, S. (2018). Mood Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise Among Basketball Players. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 125(4), 788–801.
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Abe, T., Kearns, C., Sato, Y. (2006). Muscle size and strength are increased following walk training with restricted venous blood flow from the leg muscle, Kaatsu-walk training. J Appl Physiol.;100(5): P.P. 1460-6pp.
Abe, T., Sakamaki, M., Fujita, S., Ozaki, H., Sugaya, M., Sato, Yoshiaki, M., & Nakajima, Toshiaki, M. (2010). Effects of low-intensity walk training with restricted leg blood flow on muscle strength and aerobic capacity in older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 33(1), 34-40.
Abe, T.; Charles, F.; Kearns, & Sato, Y. (2005). Muscle size and strength are increased following walk training with restricted venous blood flow from the leg muscle, Kaatsu-walk training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 100(5), 1460–1466.
ACSM. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc.; 41(3), P. 687–708.
Alfonso, A. G. (2017). La escritura científica: Una revisión temática. Signo y Pensamiento, 36(71), 52
Álvarez, R., López-Silvarrey, J., Segovia, C., Martínez, H., y
Legido-Arce, J. (2008). Rehabilitación del paciente con lesión del ligamento
cruzado anterior de la rodilla (LCA). Revisión. Revista Internacional de Medicina y
Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, 8(29), 62-92.
Baechele, Earle. (2007). Principios del entrenamiento de la fuerza y del acondicionamiento físico. National Strength and Conditioning Association
Barnett, E., Dankel, J., Counts, R., Nooe, A., Abe, T., Loenneke, J. (2016). Blood flow occlusion pressure at rest and immediately after a bout of low load exercise. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Pages 436-440.
Behi, A., Amani, A., Fahey, T., & Afsharnezhad, T. (2017). Effect of high intensity interval training with blood restriction on anaerobic performance.International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 6(2), 45-52.
Brandner, C., Warmington, S., & Kidgell, D. (2015). Corticomotor Excitability is Increased Following an Acute Bout of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9.
Campo, C., Granados, F., Muñoz, L., Sergio, G., & Rodríguez S. (2012). Caracterización del avance teórico, investigativo y/o de intervención en resiliencia desde el ámbito de las universidades en Colombia. Universitas Psychologica, 11(2), 545-557.
Cook, S., Clark, B., and Ploutz-Snyder, L. (2007). Effects of exercise load and blood-flow restriction on skeletal muscle function. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39: 1708-1713
De Castro, P., Aquino, R., Berti, A., Gonçalves, C., & Puggina, F. (2017). Strength Training with Vascular Occlusion: A Review of Possible Adaptive Mechanisms. Human Movement, 18(2), 3–14.
Guajardo, E., & Castro, A. (2007). la investigación cualitativa, una discusión presente. Liberabit, 13, 63-69.
Gürtler, L., & Huber, G. (2007). modos de pensar y estrategias de la investigacion cualitativa. Liberabit, 13, 37-52.
Hernández, M., Azael, J. (2012) Respuestas y adaptaciones al entrenamiento de fuerza oclusivo de baja intensidad. Revista Digital. Buenos Aires, Nº 164.
Hernández, R., Fernández, C., & Baptista, P. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. México, D.F., México.: Mc. Graw Hill.
Ingram, W., Dankel, J., Buckner, L., Counts, R., Mouser, G., Abe, T., y Loenneke, P. (2017). The influence of time on determining blood flow restriction pressure. Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, 20(8), 777–780.
Karabulut, M., Leal, A., Garcia, D., Cavazos, C., & Bemben, M. (2014). Tissue oxygenation, strength and lactate response to different blood flow restrictive pressures. Clinical Physiology & Functional Imaging, 34(4), 263–269.
Karabulut, M., Mccarron, J., Abe, T., Sato, Y., y Bemben, M. (2011). The effects of different initial restrictive pressures used to reduce blood flow and thigh composition on tissue oxygenation of the quadriceps. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(9), 951–958.
Kubo, K., Komuro, T., Ishiguro, N., Tsunoda, N., Sato. Y., Ishii, N., et al. (2006). Effects of low-load resistance training with vascular occlusion on the mechanical properties of muscle and tendon. J Appl Biomech.;22; pp. 112-9.
Laurentino, G., Ugrinowitsch, C, Aihara, Y., Fernandes, R., Parcell, C., Ricard, M., et al (2008) Effects of strength training and vascular occlusion. Int J Sports Med.29; pp. 664-7.
Loenneke, J., & Pujol, T., Joseoh, E. (2009). The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 77-84.
Loenneke, P., Thiebaud, S., & Abe, T. (2014). Does blood flow restriction result in skeletal muscle damage? A critical review of available evidence. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports,24(6), e415-422.
Loenneke, P., Wilson, J., y Wilson, M. (2010). A Mechanistic Approach to Blood Flow Occlusion. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(1), 1–4.
Loenneke, P., Wilson, M., Wilson, J., Pujol, J., & Bemben., G. (2011). Potential safety issues with blood flow restriction training. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 21(4), P.P.510-518.
Madarame, H., Neya, M., Ochi, E., Nakazato K, Sato, Y., and Ishii, N. (2008). Cross-transfer effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction. MedSciSportsExerc 40; pp. 258– 263.
Manimmanakorn, A., Hamlin, M., Ross, J., Taylor, R., & Manimmanakorn, N. (2013). Effects of low-load resistance training combined with blood flow restriction or hypoxia on muscle function and performance in netball athletes.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 16(4), 337-42.
Manimmanakorn, A., Manimmanakorn, N., Taylor, R., Draper, N., Billaut, F., Shearman,
J., & Hamlin, M. (2013). Effects of resistance training combined with vascular
occlusion or hypoxia on neuromuscular function in athletes. European Journal of
Applied Physiology, 113(7), 1767–1774.
Manini, M., & Clark, C. (2009). Blood Flow Restricted Exercise and Skeletal Muscle
Health. Sport Sciences Reviews, 37(2), 78-85.
Martín J., Marín, J., Menéndez, P., Ferrero, C., Loenneke, P., & Herrero,
A. (2013a). Muscular adaptations after two different volumes of blood flowrestricted training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(2),
114-120.
Martín, J., Marín, J., y Herrero, J. (2011) Revisión de los procesos de hipertrofia muscular inducida por el entrenamiento de fuerza oclusivo. Rev Andal Med Deporte.;4(4); pp. 152-157.
Meyer R (2006). Does blood flow restriction enhance hypertrophic signaling in skeletalmuscle?. J pplPhysiol 100: 1443–1444.
Mohamed, S., Basant, S., & Larion, A. (2017). Effect of Kaatsu Training on Serum Protein Electrophoresis and Performance Level of 100M Hurdles for Female College Students. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education & Sport/Science, Movement & Health, 17(2), 122–128
Moore, D., Burgomaster, K., Schofield, L., Gibala, M., Saie, D., and Phillips, S. (2004). Neuromuscular adaptations in human muscle following low intensity resistance training with vascular occlusion. Eur J Appl Physiol 92: 399-406
Moritani, T., Sherman, W., Shibata, M., Matsumoto, T., Shinohara M. (1992). Oxygen availability and motor unit activity in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 64:552-6.
Morris, N. (2018). the use of blood flow restriction training in an injured elite swimmer on swimming performance and hypertrophy. Journal of Australian Strength & Conditioning, 26(1), 31-36.
Nakajima, T., Iida, H., Kurano, M., Takano, H., Morita, T., Meguro, K., Abe, T. (2008). Hemodynamic responses to simulated weightlessness of 24-h head-down bed rest and KAATSU blood flow restriction. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 104(4), 727-37
O'Halloran, J. (2014). The hypertrophic effects of practical vascular blood flow restriction training (Order No. 1555232).
Patterson, S. D., & Ferguson, R. A. (2010). Increase in calf post-occlusive blood flow and strength following short-term resistance exercise training with blood flow restriction in young women. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(5), 1025-33.
Patterson, S., Ferguson, A. (2010) Increase in calf post-occlusive blood flow and strength following short-term resistance exercise training with blood flow restriction in young women. Eur J Appl Physiol.;108; pp. 1025-33.
Pope, K., Willardson, M., & Schoenfeld, J. (2013). Exercise and blood flow
restriction. Journal of Strength and Conditionating Research, 27(10), 2914-2926.
Ratamess, A., Albar, A., Evetoch, K., Housh, J., Kibler, W., Kraemer, J., &
Triplett, T. (2009). Special Communication. American College of Sports Medicine
Position Stand: Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine
and Science in Sports and Excercise, 41(3).
Reeves, V., Kraemer, R., Hollander, D., Clavier, J., Thomas, C., Francois, M., &
Castracane, D. (2006). Comparison of hormone responses following light
resistance exercise with partial vascular occlusion and moderately difficult resistance
exercise without occlusion. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(6), 1616–1622.
Reyes, J. (2013). una experiencia en la enseñanza de la investigación educativa en el marco de "proyecto aula" de la universidad veracruzana. Revista Mexicana De Investigación Educativa, 18(58), 735-768.
Schoenfeld, B. (2010). the mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their application to resistance training. Journal Of Strength & Conditioning Research (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins), 24(10), 2857-2872.
Schoenfeld, J. (2012). Does exercise-induced muscle damage play a role in skeletal muscle hypertrophy? J. Strength Cond. Res. 26; pp.1441–1453.
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