Capacidad antibacteriana de la leche y el calostro bovino, caprino, bufalino y humano, contra bacterias de importancia clínica
Antibacterial capacity of bovine, goat, buffalo and human milk and colostrum, against bacteria of clinical importance in animal and human health
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La leche y el calostro materno de diversas especies es un fluido corporal con efectos benéficos para la salud de quien la recibe, debido a que es la primera línea de defensa, favoreciendo el desarrollo, el crecimiento y la protección del recién nacido. Su actividad antibacteriana frente a patógenos de importancia clínica, la sugieren como una atractiva alternativa terapéutica ante la creciente resistencia bacteriana, que enfrenta la medicina animal y humana. Este trabajo comparó el efecto antimicrobiano de muestras de leche madura y calostro de especies bovina, caprina, bufalina y humana. Se realizaron siembras masivas con cepas ATCC de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus y Escherichia coli en Mueller-Hinton; las muestras de leche y de calostro fueron diluidas en agua peptonada y colocadas en las cajas, utilizando sensidiscos estériles, impregnados con diferentes diluciones; se incubaron y posteriormente se midió el halo de inhibición alrededor de los sensidiscos, indicando su capacidad antimicrobiana. Se demostró poca actividad antibacteriana de la leche vs el calostro; a su vez, se evidenció que la leche y el calostro humano, caprino y bufalino mostraron actividad antibacteriana contra P. aeruginosa; solo el calostro humano, caprino y bufalino mostraron actividad frente a K. pneumoniae. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron demostrar que la leche y el calostro tienen efectos antimicrobianos.
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