Capacidad antibacteriana de la leche y el calostro bovino, caprino, bufalino y humano, contra bacterias de importancia clínica

Antibacterial capacity of bovine, goat, buffalo and human milk and colostrum, against bacteria of clinical importance in animal and human health

Contenido principal del artículo

Lyda Caballero-Méndez
Margarita María Mazo-Cardona
Juan Carlos Echeverry
Luisa Ospina-Londoño
Valeria Quintero-Cifuentes
Bryam Ortiz-Valencia

Resumen

La leche y el calostro materno de diversas especies es un fluido corporal con efectos benéficos para la salud de quien la recibe, debido a que es la primera línea de defensa, favoreciendo el desarrollo, el crecimiento y la protección del recién nacido. Su actividad antibacteriana frente a patógenos de importancia clínica, la sugieren como una atractiva alternativa terapéutica ante la creciente resistencia bacteriana, que enfrenta la medicina animal y humana. Este trabajo comparó el efecto antimicrobiano de muestras de leche madura y calostro de especies bovina, caprina, bufalina y humana. Se realizaron siembras masivas con cepas ATCC de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus y Escherichia coli en Mueller-Hinton; las muestras de leche y de calostro fueron diluidas en agua peptonada y colocadas en las cajas, utilizando sensidiscos estériles, impregnados con diferentes diluciones; se incubaron y posteriormente se midió el halo de inhibición alrededor de los sensidiscos, indicando su capacidad antimicrobiana. Se demostró poca actividad antibacteriana de la leche vs el calostro; a su vez, se evidenció que la leche y el calostro humano, caprino y bufalino mostraron actividad antibacteriana contra P. aeruginosa; solo el calostro humano, caprino y bufalino mostraron actividad frente a K. pneumoniae. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron demostrar que la leche y el calostro tienen efectos antimicrobianos.

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