Integrated disease management of fusarium wilt of tomato [Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (SACC.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen]: a review Manejo integrado de la marchitez vascular del tomate [Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (SACC.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen]: una revisión

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world and is attacked by numerous diseases, including the vascular wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The pathogen, being an inhabitant of the soil is difficult to manage. Once the soil is infested, it can remain with the pathogen indefinitely. Due to the successive cultivation of tomato in the same field the population of the fungus increases and, consequently, the incidence of the disease. No thresholds for economic damage or prediction systems have yet been established, but some soil conditions are known to reduce the incidence of the disease, such as high pH or a high population of antagonistic microorganisms. Numerous management practices have been reported, especially focused toward the soil; however, there are few articles on integrated management of the disease. For the preparation of this document, the world literature was reviewed and addressed the nature of the pathogen, its life cycle and dissemination, essentials to carry out an adequate management of the disease; also, the different management practices and finally the combination of these practices. The objective of this review was to gather the most relevant information generated in recent years on the integrated management of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, focusing each practice within the logistic model of Van der Plank, which allows giving to each one a quantitative interpretation.