Efecto del diseño de la ficha para el análisis de yogurt bebible de fresa por el método CATA (check-all-that-apply)
The effect of ballot design for strawberry yogurt analysis using CATA (check-all-that-apply)
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La evaluación sensorial de alimentos se encuentra en constante evolución, donde los métodos de análisis recientemente desarrollados buscan consolidarse. Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) es un método rápido empleado para describir características sensoriales de un producto mediante una selección personalizada de términos. Sin embargo, el formato en que éstos se presentan no está estandarizado. Este estudio evaluó el efecto del diseño de cuatro fichas CATA para el análisis de yogurt bebible de fresa. Se generaron 15 descriptores con la participación de 97 consumidores; de estos descriptores 6 se relacionaron con la textura, 5 con el sabor y 2 tanto con apariencia como con el olor. Se diseñaron 4 modelos de fichas: a) columnas, b) lista vertical, c) distribución radial y d) distribución aleatoria, que fueron aplicados para caracterizar una misma marca de yogurt comercial, empleando 150 consumidores por cada modelo. La prueba Q de Cochran evidenció diferencias significativas para el color rosado, ácido/agrio, olor a fresa, cremoso, viscoso, olor a leche, y sabor artificial. De las cuatro fichas propuestas, el modelo C mostró menor variabilidad en la selección de términos. Asimismo, los lotes de yogurt presentaron propiedades fisicoquímicas heterogéneas (p-valor<0.05) en relación con el color instrumental, pH, acidez titulable y sólidos solubles con excepción del índice de consistencia. Finalmente, estos hallazgos evidencian que el diseño de la ficha ejerce un efecto significativo en la respuesta de los consumidores asociado al proceso de percepción visual originado por el diseño, así como a características fisicoquímicas inherentes al producto como consecuencia del procesamiento tecnológico y comercialización.
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