Desarrollo de queso panela funcional enriquecido con prebióticos y probióticos
Development of functional panela cheese enriched with prebiotics and probiotics
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Las tendencias alimentarias muestran un creciente interés por alimentos funcionales que ofrecen beneficios para la salud y nutrición. Esta investigación desarrolló un queso panela funcional de estilo mexicano que incorpora los probióticos Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NCFB 2772, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG y un 4% de inulina como prebiótico. Se evaluó el rendimiento, y el contenido de bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL) y UFC de coliformes totales. La microscopía electrónica de barrido confirmó la incorporación de bacterias en la matriz del queso. El rendimiento fue del 26,6 % (p/v), y el contenido microbiano alcanzó 7,12 × 10⁸ UFC/g, superando el requisito de la Norma Mexicana NOM 181. La inulina promovió el crecimiento probiótico, logrando BAL superiores a 10⁸ UFC/g durante 22 días. Sin embargo, la vida útil del queso se estableció en 13 días bajo refrigeración a 4 °C, debido a la detección de bacterias coliformes. La evaluación sensorial con la escala just about right mostró valores dentro del rango del 60 % para sabor lácteo, humedad en boca, cremosidad y adhesividad, indicando que no se requiere reformulación. El análisis CATA destacó atributos como sabor lácteo, humedad en boca, olor a leche fresca, color blanco y textura suave. El queso obtuvo una puntuación de aceptación de 5,03 ± 1,23 en una escala de 7 puntos y una intención de compra del 69 %, demostrando su funcionalidad y adecuadas características sensoriales. Por lo tanto, se obtuvo un producto de queso funcional con BAL e inulina con características sensoriales adecuadas.
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