Efecto de los aspectos demográficos en la valoración de la calidad del servicio. Una revisión

Effect of the demographic aspects in the valuation of the quality of the service. A review

Contenido principal del artículo

Juan Carlos Vergara Schmalbach
Víctor Manuel Quesada Ibargüen
Francisco Javier Maza Ávila

Resumen

Comprender los elementos que determinan la satisfacción de usuarios o de clientes de un servicio permite a las organizaciones –tanto públicas como privadas- diseñar e implementar estrategias dirigidas a mejorar los niveles de lealtad y de recompra, entre otras intenciones futuras. Este artículo tiene como propósito evidenciar el efecto que tienen las variables demográficas, como elementos o constructos determinantes de la calidad de un servicio. Para lograr este cometido, se han tenido en cuenta artículos de investigación publicados en revistas indexadas en Scopus, Science Direct y Ebsco Host, durante el periodo 2006-2016, referentes a casos empíricos, donde se analizaron las relaciones de las variables demográficas sobre constructos, que caracterizan la calidad del servicio. La revisión permitió evidenciar la existencia de efectos, positivos o negativos, de los aspectos demográficos de los clientes o consumidores, sobre las expectativas, las percepciones, la satisfacción y las intenciones futuras, siendo el género, la edad, los ingresos y el nivel de estudios, las variables con mayores incidencias.

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