Impacto de la adición de caboximetilcelulosa y agua en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y de calidad de pan libre de gluten
Impact of carboxymethylcellulose and water addition on baking quality and physicochemical properties of gluten-free bread
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El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia de la adición de agua y de carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y de calidad de pan libre de gluten (GF), elaborado con harina de arroz, almidón de maíz y almidón de yuca. La harina de arroz presentó los valores más altos de índice de absorción de agua (WAI) e índice de solubilidad de agua (WSI). Las concentraciones de CMC y agua fueron de 1-3% y 80-90%, con base en la harina de arroz, componente mayoritario de la mezcla, respectivamente. Se utilizó la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta (MSR). Los valores máximos para el volumen específico (3,92mL/g) y la altura (77,82mm), se mostraron con 85% de agua y 2% de CMC. El mayor rendimiento, se evidenció con 3% de CMC y 80% de agua, pero este tratamiento tuvo el volumen específico y la altura más baja. En cuanto a las propiedades texturales, la combinación de 3% de CMC y 80% de agua generó una miga con la mayor firmeza (16,6N) y dureza (91,2N); los valores más bajos de estos parámetros, se presentaron con 85% de agua y 2% de CMC. El mayor valor de cohesividad (0,46), se registró con 90% de agua y 3% de CMC y la condición más baja de cohesividad, se reportó con 80% de agua y 1% de CMC. La inclusión de mayores concentraciones de CMC (3%) genera productos GF, con mayor firmeza, cohesividad, elasticidad y dureza.
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