Tolerancia a la sombra en plantas de caléndula (Calendula officinalis)

Shade tolerance of marigold plants (Calendula officinalis)

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Fánor Casierra Posada
Omar F. Ávila León

Resumen

La caléndula (Calendula officinalis L.) es la segunda planta medicinal más comercializada en Colombia. El estudio, se realizó en Tunja, Colombia, en el que se evaluaron los contenidos de clorofila y de carotenoides en plantas de caléndula, expuestas a condiciones de plena iluminación solar y sombra, bajo una malla de fibra sintética, que reduce la luz en un 35%. También se evaluaron los parámetros de fluorescencia de la clorofila y la tasa de transporte de electrones. En comparación con las plantas a pleno sol, las plantas sombreadas presentaron una mayor proporción de clorofila a/b y una proporción inferior de carotenoides/clorofila. Los valores de fluorescencia máxima (Fm), la fluorescencia variable (Fv) y la eficiencia cuántica máxima del fotosistema II (la relación Fv/ Fm) aumentaron en las plantas bajo sombra, mientras que la tasa de transporte de electrones, se redujo. Estos resultados sugieren que las plantas de caléndula son muy sensibles a las condiciones de poca luz.

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